Tensions are rising in northern Ethiopia after the Tigray People’s Liberation Front announced it is dismantling the interim regional administration and restoring its pre-war governing structures.

The move has raised alarm in Addis Ababa and among international observers, who view it as a violation of the Pretoria peace agreement that ended the 2020–2022 conflict.

The TPLF has defended its decision by accusing the federal government of failing to implement key provisions of the agreement, including financial support needed to sustain regional governance.

It has also pointed to renewed tensions on the ground, with reports of clashes between regional forces and the Ethiopian National Defense Force since early 2026.

Another point of dispute is the extension of the interim administration’s leadership without broader consultation, which the TPLF says undermines regional autonomy.

The situation is further complicated by internal divisions within Tigray’s leadership, with the interim leader facing opposition from within the TPLF despite continued recognition by the federal government.

This has effectively created parallel administrations, increasing the risk of instability and potential unrest.

The federal government has accused the TPLF of attempting to reclaim power outside the legal framework, while international actors, including the African Union and the United Nations, have called for renewed dialogue.

On the ground, the security situation remains volatile, with reports of military movements raising fears of renewed conflict.

Humanitarian agencies warn that conditions in Tigray remain fragile, with many still dependent on aid and vulnerable to further disruption.

Observers say urgent diplomatic engagement will be essential to prevent a return to large-scale conflict.