Multinational naval exercises involving China, Russia, Iran, and South Africa began Friday in South African territorial waters, prompting domestic political criticism and renewed scrutiny from Western governments over Pretoria’s foreign-policy alignment.
The drills, titled “Will for Peace 2026,” run from January 9 to January 16 and are centered on the strategic Simon’s Town Naval Base near Cape Town. South African and Chinese officials confirmed China is serving as the lead organizer and operational commander.
The exercise focuses on maritime security, including counter-terrorism at sea, search-and-rescue operations, and the protection of commercial shipping lanes. Naval assets from all four countries are participating.
Analysts say China’s command role underscores Beijing’s expanding naval reach, while Iran’s deployment far from home waters highlights its blue-water ambitions. Despite assurances from South African officials that the drills are defensive, the participation of sanctioned states has placed the exercise within a broader geopolitical contest.
